Digital Music And Its Impact On The Music Industry

Do you listen to music from CD’s, or do you prefer listening from your phones, computers, etc? The internet is now widely available via computers and phones, as well as other devices. Furthermore, it is becoming easier and simpler to listen to music through these products rather than from a separate disc. Digital music began when iTunes was first published in 2007. Moreover, iTunes revolutionized the music industry because it allowed people to purchase single songs rather than a whole album, and people were able to stream music digitally. Although many artists, producers, and record labels aren’t strong supporters of streaming online because it decreased album sales and their revenues, overall digital downloading and streaming makes it easier for people to listen and enjoy their music, and gives the opportunity for new artists to be discovered. Section 1: Before digital music started Teens and young adults today wonder how the generation before them listened to music, the answer is simple, but the process was complex. Here is the way it used to work, you would hear a song on the radio, try to figure out what it was, go to the store, and search for the record. You would buy the record -- if it was in stock. Then you would put it in your CD player or on your turntable and finally, you would get to listen to the music. Long process right? According to CNN Money’s music graph, from 1975-2003 before the concept of digital music came to reality, physical album sales have keptShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Digital Music On The Music Industry896 Words   |  4 Pagessharing and digital downloads. Threatening the survival of the music industry and introducing a unique set of challenges for the industry to overcome. To remain relevant in the new global market of digital music online, the music industry would have to evolve and change with the introduction of each n ew facet technology had to offer. The introduction of digitally compressed music files, so easily attainable for a small fee or downloaded legally (pirated) for free, made the music industry reevaluateRead MoreThe Impact Of Digital On The Music Industry902 Words   |  4 Pages The music industry has gone through some rough transitions with the exponential increase of newer technologies. Traditionally a music artist would become successful in signing a record deal and selling their album in stores. Music labels would play crucial roles in the success of artists facilitating the process of the many aspects involved with making a successful artist. However, today CDs seem to be virtually non-existent with the introduction of more convenient platforms such as, MP3s and theRead MoreThe Impact Of Digital Music On The Business Industry2122 Words   |  9 PagesMusic retail has been a thriving international industry for almost a century. And like most successful industries, it has exp erienced drastic developments in technology to ensure growth and success. From the invention of the phonograph in 1877, through the height of vinyl records in the 1970s and the shift to cassettes and compact discs in the eighties, consumers clung to the latest technologies, which made the purchase and ownership of recorded music increasingly simple. Through each of theseRead MoreThe Digital Music Distribution Revolution1287 Words   |  5 Pages The Digital Music Distribution Revolution: The digital music distribution revolution is a trend that is associated with rapid technological advancements and the introduction of computer technology. These developments have contributed to the relatively free distribution of music through various social systems like Napster that threaten to destroy the industry or interfere with the current model for generating revenue in this industry. The peer-to-peer systems have enabled the seemingly free distributionRead MoreRadiohead962 Words   |  4 Pagesmanufactured, distributed and promoted their music without a record label; they allowed the customer to â€Å"price† the digital album by themselves and sold a deluxe CD set version at $80. In order to evaluate the extent to which this strategy may influence on record companies and on the entire record industry, we need to estimate its impacts on the artists and the music audiences. While Radiohead’s release plan may have some certain influences on record labels, those im pacts are not big enough to be consideredRead MoreCopyright Framework Of The Music Industry1388 Words   |  6 PagesCopyright framework in the music industry Intellectual property is the economic framework that underpins the British creative industry – music being one of them. Copyright is the currency of that framework. It can provide an incentive to the market to invest in brand new creative content, since every recording by an artist can be licensed for a specific value in the United Kingdom and globally, hence generating a substantial balance of export income for the UK. According to the Department for BusinessRead MoreThe Effect Of Digital Technology On The Music Industry1442 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ The effect of digital technology on the music industry Nowadays, teenagers are living constantly surrounded by technology. Even if the younger generation may not see it, technology has had an impact on different factors. The widespread use of digital technology in the music industry has allowed consumers to reproduce digital versions of copyrighted songs inexpensively, with the help of many software and websites. There has been an increase in digital copying activities and those are most ofRead MoreEssay Impact of Technology on Music1417 Words   |  6 PagesImpact of Technology on Music The introduction to the internet in the early nineties and the creation of broadband, MP3, and the file sharing network known as â€Å"peer to peer† has completely revolutionised the music industry. A large percentage of music is today downloaded over the internet, and not bought over the counter in a record store. This essay will address the impact of new technology on music, and how music is distributed. To do this, the paper will first briefly explain the historyRead MoreEvolution Of The Internet And Its Effect On The Music Industry1628 Words   |  7 PagesAmber Dawkins - Music Business Skills The Evolution Of The Internet And Its Effect On The Music Industry The evolution of digital music has created an obvious and drastic shift in the way consumers and producers view and use the music industry. The introduction of digitally compressed music files has made music so easily attainable to all for a small fee or to download illegally for free. This has made the music industry reevaluate how they are to make a profit off their art form. Social mediaRead MoreSaunders, Lewis Amd Thornhill: Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Edition, Additional Case Studies1039 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing music products alongside emerging digital music channels Esmà ©e had been working in the music industry as a marketing director for a small and successful independent record label for over fifteen years before deciding to study at university. She had witnessed many changes in the music industry over her career, the most significant of which was the transition from selling cassettes, vinyl records and CDs at retail to selling digital music online. She had observed that the music industry had not

The Smoke Signals Forgiveness Essay - 1461 Words

The Smoke Signals Forgiveness Smoke Signals, written by Sherman Alexie and directed by Chris Eyre, begins on July 4, 1976 on the Coeur d’ Alene Reservation. Arnold Joseph (Gary Farmer), drunk while celebrating the independence, lit off a firework and set the Builds-the-Fire residence on fire, killing the parents of Thomas Builds-the Fire. Many people were already asleep in the house when the fire started, so no one saw Arnold’s mistake, which he kept a secret from the whole reservation. Both Thomas Builds-the-Fire (Evan Adams) and Victor Joseph (Adam Beach), Arnold’s son, were saved from the burning house. Arnold ran to catch Thomas in his arms after Thomas was thrown from a window. Victor and Thomas grew up together. After the†¦show more content†¦One day, Arlene received a call from Arnold’s neighbor in Phoenix, Suzy Song (Irene Bedard), saying that Arnold had died and that someone should probably come down to Phoenix to take care of the death. This meant that Victor had to take a bus to Phoenix to get Arnold’s possessions and drive his truck back to the reservation. There was just one problem, Victor didn’t have the money for a bus pass, but Thomas did. The catch was, if Thomas gave Victor some money to go to Phoenix, Thomas got to come along too. Victor had no other choice but to accept the offer. And the journey begins. Victor and Thomas had never been off the reservation before. They experienced what it’s really like to be a Native American in the real world. On the bus ride there, two white men took their seats and made rude comments about them being Native Americans. They received a lot of stares and uncomfortable looks from people as well. The bus ride to Phoenix was hard for Victor because he had to deal with Thomas talking the whole time. Victor especially didn’t like it when Thomas brought up his father in conversation. In Phoenix, Thomas and Victor walked many miles through the desert to get to Arnold’s old trailer. Suzy Song lived in a trailer there as well. They met Suzy right away, and she was very helpful. She and Thomas told stories to eachShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Chris Eyres Smoke Signals1190 Words   |  5 Pages Smoke Signals is an award-winning movie directed by Chris Eyre, written and co-directed by Native American poet, fiction writer, and filmmaker Sherman Alexie and based on the book The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven. The film reveals the reality of modern Native American life on an Indian reservation using Native American oral tradition storytelling to present insightful interpretation how different and indirect the path to forgiveness works within the movie. Alexie suggests that theRead MoreSmoke Signals By Sherman Alexie1051 Words   |  5 PagesIn Sherman Alexie’s film, Smoke Signals, Alexie uses different story telling devices to show the importanc e of forgiveness. Smoke signals provides a new perspective of Native American culture by submerging us into the lives of two Native American boys, Thomas and Victor. The movie begins with a fire on the Fourth of July on the Coer d’Alene reservation in Idaho, Victor’s father Arnold saves Thomas as an infant by throwing him out a window. The movie jumps ten years forward and Victor receives wordRead MoreThe Smoke Signals By Chris Eyre1301 Words   |  6 PagesSmoke Signals, released in 1998, is a classic film that provides insight to the lives of Native Americans living on reservations. There are very few films that attempt to portray Native Americans at all, yet alone in a respectful manner. The characters are all played by genuine Native American actors including: Adam Beach, Evan Adams, Irene Bedard, Gary Farmer, and Tantoo Cardinal. Additionally, it is directed by Chris Eyre, another Native American. This film tries to overcome stereotypes ofRead MoreA Compariso n Of The Short Story In Smoke Signals1244 Words   |  5 Pages Throughout Smoke Signals it became increasingly apparent that it was not going to follow The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven in quite the way that I originally expected. I do not think that this was a terrible thing. While the novel itself was made up of short stories, Smoke Signals focused primarily on Victor and Thomas’s trip to Arizona. Following their trip to retrieve Victor’s father made the film almost entirely different from the novel, but the film directors did a wonderful jobRead MoreThe, Smoke Signals, An Artistic Film, By Sherman Alexie And Directed By Chris Eyre1464 Words   |  6 PagesMemoirs: Storytelling Through the Eyes of an Artist Smoke Signals, an artistic film, written by Sherman Alexie and directed by Chris Eyre, is a uniquely crafted form and representation of two young native indian men searching for the truths of their past. Alexie uses many different styles of cinematic techniques to tell his story of family, friendship, and the discovery of ones self in this film. Every character has a story to tell and each hold a piece of the story which unfolds as the charectersRead MoreSmoke Signals Elements Of Symbols790 Words   |  4 PagesClayton J. Walp Mr. Morill American Lit. and Comp. 25 September 2017 Smoke Signals: Elements of Representation Natural elements will often be viewed as symbols to represent a cycle of life changing experiences that will ultimately change the character forever on a deeper, spiritual level than what scratches the surface. Going through life, major events that change that person’s sense of direction and demeanor, for better or for worse, can be visualized as an element. Anger, sadness, loss of hopeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Flight 1441 Words   |  6 Pagesholds many lessons and it reminds me a great deal of â€Å"Smoke Signals†. In both stories the main character struggles with their relationship and hatred for their father. Both fathers are drunkards and both fathers realize what kind of damage they are capable of doing and are afraid of the power so they run away. Just like in â€Å"Smoke Signals† the main character learns more about their fathers and begins to relate and somewhat forgive but forgiveness is difficult and even painful and you can’t always forge tRead MoreThe Powwow At The End Of The World By Sherman Alexie893 Words   |  4 Pageswhen I decided there were too many to choose from, I looked at cute love poems, but then I felt that was too childish for me. Somehow during the long and treacherous poem search, I came across Sherman Alexie hoping he had a poem about the movie Smoke Signals. I did not find one about the movie, but I did find something that had hit home with me, â€Å"The Powwow at the End of the World.† After reading the poem several times, I figured that I did not need to do much brainstorming for the essay because theRead MoreLooking For Alaska By John Green991 Words   |  4 Pageswritten in two parts, before and after. Before, Miles fits in perfect at Culver Creek where he meets his first true friends, Chip â€Å"The Colonel† Martin and Alaska Young. His friends help him adjust to life at the boarding school by teaching him to smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, and pull pranks with the best of them. Miles begins to fall helplessly in love with Alaska, but she continuously reminds him that she has a boyfriend. She constantly flirts with Miles, but refuses to let it go further thanRead MoreThe Death Penalty And Capital Punishment3365 Words   |  14 PagesNonetheless, by carrying out a death sentence, you force another family to suffer. The death penalty doesn t change the fact that the victim is gone and will never come back. Hate, revenge, and anger will never cure the emptiness of a lost loved one. Forgiveness is the only way to start the healing process. This won t happen in a revenge focused individual. 4. Most people believe our justice system shows more sympathy for criminals than it does victims. Placing the importance of our criminal justice

Iago Literary Essay Free Essays

Iago the Master of Manipulation Throughout the play Othello by William Shakespeare, Iago the antagonist develops a scheme to ruin Othello’s life, just because he didn’t get the position of lieutenant and uses people from Roderigo to Cassio to unfold his plans. Now, how can this villainous man manipulate people around him so well? Iago effectively manipulates Roderigo, Cassio and Othello by using Roderigo’s love for Desdemona, by implying to Cassio that he’s helping him for his interests when it’s actually the opposite, and by acting as an â€Å"honest† person in front of Othello to hide his true foul personality. SparkNoted Editors). We will write a custom essay sample on Iago Literary Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Iago uses Roderigo’s â€Å"obsessive† love for Desdemona to manipulate him to help him and assures Roderigo he will help him attain Desdemona. (The Polymath). He then tries to comfort Roderigo when he finds out Desdemona is married to Othello by using the metaphor, â€Å"Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills are gardeners. † (I. iii. 319-320). Here Iago reacts to Roderigo wanting to commit suicide by telling him to take care of himself, and instead to try to win Desdemona with his money; but actually uses his money for his own plans and makes fun of him for being so naive. Thus do I make my fool my purse. † (I. iii. 315) and all this time poor Roderigo has been tricked by Iago from the beginning of the play to the end because Roderigo wanted Desdemona to such an extent. Iago tricked Cassio into thinking he was helping him for his benefit when all along it was only a part of Iago’s plan to ruin the bond between Othello and Desdemona. Iag o himself caused trouble for Cassio and that leads to Cassio’s lieutenant position revoked, only to tell him to get help from Desdemona. Our Generals wife is now the General/Confess yourself freely to her. Importune her help to put you in your place again. † (II. iii. 293-298). Iago has many Aside’s in the play telling the audience of his plans. By making Cassio talk with Desdemona Iago plants suspicion into Othello to ruin his peace of mind. â€Å"Yet that I put the Moor at least into a jealousy so strong that judgement cannot cure/I’ll have our Micheal Cassio on the hip, abuse him to the Moor in the rank garb. † As Iago does this in several ccasions it’s all for his own benefit, â€Å"Make the Moor thank me, love me, and reward me for making him egregiously an ass and practising upon his peace and quiet even to madness. †(II. i. 294-305). Iago successfully ends a part of his plan by killing two birds with one stone, Roderigo and Cass io. â€Å"Now whether he kill Cassio, or Cassio him, or each do kill the other, every way makes my game. † (V. i. 12-14). Hence, Iago manipulates Cassio by implying he is helping him when it’s the opposite. To manipulate Othello, Iago acts as an honest and good person in front of Othello to hide his foul personality. Throughout the play, you hear Iago saying, â€Å"I hate the Moor† (I. iii. 361). He even tells Roderigo all his schemes. Through a Paradox Shakespeare reveals Iago’s true intentions. â€Å"In following him, I follow but myself. † (I. i. 58). again Iago only stays with Ohtello for his own benefit and he says his outward appearance is only to fool Othello so he doesn’t lose trust in Iago, â€Å"I am not what I am. †(I. i. 65); but interactions between Roderigo and Iago reveals a â€Å"streak of cowardice† in Iago as he tries so hard to hide his bad intentions from Othello he even kills own wife. SparkNotes Editors). Therefore Iago manipulates Othello by acting as an honest and good man to hide his true-foul personality. Iago, possibly the most â€Å"heinous villain† in Shakespeare lets his anger and jealousy overpower him and ruin Othello’s life with his manipulative skills. (SparkNotes Editors). Iago effectively manipulates Rodri go by using his love for Desdemona, by implying to Cassio he’s helping him for his interests when its actually the opposite and by acting as an honest and good person in front of Othello to hide his true-foul personality. Work Cited The Polymath. Iago’s Manipulation on Roderigo in Othello. Yahoo! Voices. (2010): n. page. Web. 8 Jun. 2012. http://voices. Yahoo. com/iagos-manipulation-roderigo-othello-5481393. html. SparkNotes Editors. SparkNotes on Othello. SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 8 Jun. 2012. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Othello, The Moor of Venice. Massachusetts: Blaisdell Publishing Company, 1966. Print. How to cite Iago Literary Essay, Essay examples

Conceptual Metaphor free essay sample

Traditionally, metaphor is a figure of speech in which one thing is compared to another by saying that one is the other, as in â€Å"He is a tiger†. It is a property of words, and is used for some artistic and rhetorical purpose. However, this view has been challenged recently by cognitive linguists (Liu Wen, 2012: 249). Cognitive linguists and philosophers have shown that metaphors are not just a way of expressing ideas by means of language, but powerful cognitive tools for our conceptualization of the world (Wang, 2011: 162). Cognitive linguists believe: â€Å"Metaphorical ideation is a kind of creative thinking ability that came to birth with the development of the human beings’ cognitive ability, it is the high-level stage of human beings’ cognitive development and especially it is necessary ability for human beings to observe abstract things. † (Zhao, 2001:102) Fauconnier (1998) points out that â€Å"mappings between domains are at the heart of the unique human cognitive faculty of producing, transferring, and processing meaning. Many abstract concepts are rganized with specific or well-known images by using metaphors. Metaphor in cognitive linguistics is a two-way affair: it can go from linguistic metaphor to conceptual metaphor or from conceptual to linguistic metaphor. For instance, cognitive linguists have used the abundant and systematic presence of metaphors in language as a basis for postulating the existence of conceptual metaphors, which illustrates the move from language to thought. Here is a whole series of conceptual metaphors which capture our thinking about ideas below. These are conceptual metaphors to the extent that they are abstractions of the ideas lying behind the common usage of such expressions as the following: Hes rich in ideas. That book is a treasure trove of ideas. He has a wealth of ideas. (cf. Gibbs, 1997: 1) 2. Conceptual metaphor Probably the most famous literature on metaphor is Lakoff and Johnsons conceptual metaphor theory. The publication of Metaphor We Live By in 1980 marked the beginning of modern research on metaphor with a cognitive perspective. This book proposes the conceptual metaphor theory. Lakoff and Johnson (1980) claim that we trequently think about objects, properties, or relations in one domain by systematically mapping these onto objects and properties in another domain (the source domain). The correspondence relation between these domains constitutes a potentially large and organized metaphor, by means of one domain in terms of the other. Much has been explained about conceptual metaphor since George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) first introduced the idea. Indeed, research has supplied bundant evidence that most of our metaphors are based on conceptual metaphors such as argument is war, happy is up, life is Journey, and many others. Yet there is good reason to investigate further the ways conceptual metaphors operate in our writing and talk. Currently, conceptual metaphors are described in two main ways. First, they are seen as preexistent structures available to be concretely instantiated. Second, they are seen as underpinnings, even fundamental underpinnings, of culture (Eubanks, 1999: 430). 3. Study of metaphors in literary works from the perspective of cognitive linguistics . 1 Study of metaphors in I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud from the perspective of Conceptual Metaphor Theory Wordsworth emphasized the metaphor nature is a teacher again and again in the poem I Wandered lonely as a Cloud. There are a lot of similarities between the Source Domain nature and the Target Domain teacher. Nature is the incarnation of order and civilization, which could save people from degradation, and obviously nature has the cultivating function of a teacher. Furthermore, teacher is as pure, charming and refreshing as nature. The poet compared nature to a teacher to direct and save people. With this conceptual metaphor we can understand the real meaning that the poet wanted to express. Actually, metaphors help the reader explore their inner feelings and emotions. Without metaphor poetry would be extremely shallow. Shallow poetry is perhaps one of the most purposeless forms of writing available. By using metaphor, poets can illuminate our experience; explore the consequences of our beliefs, challenge the ways we think, because metaphor is a primary tool for understanding our world and ourselves. (Rui Zhao, 2010: 14-17) 3. Study of metaphor in Emily Dickinsons oem applying on Cognitive Linguistics Theory In her poem I Could Not Stop for Death, Emily speaks of death as coachman, and she is using all extension of the same general and ordinary metaphorical conception of death as departure that we use when we speak of someone passing away. In the poem I Took One Draught of Life, Emily uses two conventional met aphors draught of life and a single dream of heaven to describe one short experience of love. In Twas Warm at First Like Us, we can effortlessly draw metaphors from this poem: death as frost, part of corpse as object. There is a large amount of fresh, novel and conventional metaphors in Emily Dickinsons poems, applying appropriate and suitable metaphorical theory can assist a lot to apprehend the essence of beauty in the metaphor, to reproduce the image of the poet in the audiences minds. (Xie Zhou, 2011: 201 ) 4. Study of metaphors in economic reports from the perspective of cognitive linguistics According to Lakoff and Johnson (1980), the conceptual metaphor can be divided into three categories: orientation, structural, and ontological metaphor. These are the bases ot metaphorical analysis in cognitive linguistics. In economic reports structural metaphors are used to express the economic concepts vividly. There are at least six kinds of structural metaphor in economic reports: metaphor of war, metaphor of machine, metaphor of road, metaphor of sports, metaphors of building and metaphor of stage performance. Orientation metaphor in economic reports means using the concepts of orientation, such as up and down, inside and outside, etc. to describe some behaviors or activities in economic field. As regards ontological metaphor, people are used to regard abstract expressions as entity. Personifying ome concepts is a common way of using ontological metaphor. Economic reports are abundant with ontological metaphors: metaphor of vessels, metaphor of bubbles, metaphor of temperature, etc.

Women in Clergy Essay Sample free essay sample

Peoples continue to pay a conflict over whether or non adult females should be in the clergy. A pastor’s function is a batch like that of general. A general is responsible for the overall scheme and good menu of an full ground forces. It’s a fact that work forces are better suited for places like that. while adult females are more suitable for managerial type places. It is easy for the human nature to seek and suit Bible into the cast of what we wished the Bible said. alternatively of merely taking it the manner it is. People shouldn’t do it a affair of division but more of whether there is a right or incorrect to it. Is whether or non adult females should be curates and seniors an sentiment? Or is there a moral point of view behind the controversial subject of female clergy. About 86 per centum of adult females are affiliated with the church compared to 79 per centum of work forces. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Clergy Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 44 per centum of adult females claim to go to spiritual services hebdomadally and hold to make with a church compared to the non even 34 per centum of work forces. The per centums are clearly higher for adult females so they are for work forces harmonizing to the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. The ground for this disagreement is still under probe. no 1 is rather certain what is up with it. Purportedly adult females in America have a more outstanding place in the church ; there are many grounds for this including the traditional function of adult females being housewifes and kid raisers. Because of the higher place of adult females being involved in the church. people have gotten the thought that it is natural for adult females to be curates and seniors besides. 1 Timothy 2:1 says† I do non allow adult females to learn or hold authorization over work forces. but to be soundless. † In other words adult females are non supposed to state work forces to make things. Some people may take this poetry and say that Paul himself was stating what he thought. but I believe that God was talking through Paul at this clip. Peoples say that even though everything in the Bible is true it doesn’t mean that it is right. that in itself is incorrect. Yes. Paul was a first century Christian but that doesn’t mean that some of the traditions and things he said shouldn’t be carried out into our clip. I am convinced that it is all right for adult females to talk in the church. merely non to prophesy over work forces. stating work forces what they should make. Job negotiations about boies and girls vaticinating and I believe that God speaks through adult females merely non in the place of adult females being over work forces. That is non the order that God has created for us. And yes throughout the Bible females are commended for their retainer Black Marias assisting the God’s couriers and whatever but they were non over work forces. There is the statement that adult females are more caring. more concerned with assisting other people. Some people are concerned with seting adult females at the dais because they are afraid it will take to more work forces being disaffiliated with church. Regardless of the impact of f emale clergy have on the male church population. adult females clergy have an ability to pull those who may non normally be affiliated with faith. Openness is something that is frequently sought after in the church and adult females are more likely to hold that ability so work forces are. But holding an unfastened female curate is still non every bit good as holding a male curate even if you use the statement that he isn’t unfastened plenty. Although throughout the Bible adult females play of import functions in taking it doesn’t average adult females are non be over work forces in all contexts. The Bible clearly provinces in 1 Timothy 3:11 â€Å"Let deacons be hubbies of one married woman. † And so in Titus 1:5-7. Paul says. â€Å"For this ground I left you in Crete. that you might put in order what remains. and appoint seniors in every metropolis as I directed you. viz. . if any adult male be above reproach. the hubby of one married woman. holding kids who believe. non accused of dissipation or rebellion. For the superintendent must be above reproach as God’s steward†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Clearly the func tion of deacons. curates and seniors were meant for the male population. Deacons which are like seniors or curates were meant to cheer in sound philosophy and refute those who contradict. We see no bid for the deacons to be adult females. Womans are told to be â€Å"dignified. non malicious chitchats. but temperate. faithful in all things. † ( 1 Tim. 3:11 ) . It is all a portion of the created order God created at the beginning of clip. Work forces are non every bit fallible as adult females are when it comes to these type of places. and they handle manner better than adult females under emphasis. Even though the Biblical instruction of leting merely work forces to be curates and seniors is non popular. I believe that it is rather accurate. Peoples may seek to alter it and thin towards the more politically right point of position but it isn’t right. The ordination of female clergy is theologically and historically flawed. It is incorrect for people to seek and do the Bible tantrum what they want to be true. Womans who raise snake pit over non being allowed to be a curate or senior are turn outing that they are non clergy stuff. They should be calm in all things. swearing God will make what needs to be done. And work forces. who make a dither over adult females seeking to go clergy. do hold a right to be horrified. Because the Bible clearly states that adult females are under work forces and should non be put above. but they should be mature and act like the clergy they are. The right solution is to pray and inquire God about state of affairss that come up like these alternatively of get downing a war over something that can be easy be solved with God’s counsel

Learn 10 Facts About Sendai, Japan

Learn 10 Facts About Sendai, Japan Sendai is a city located in the Miyagi Prefecture of Japan. It is the capital and largest city of that prefecture, and it is the largest city in Japans Tohoku Region. As of 2008, the city had a total population of over one million spread over an area of 304 square miles (788 sq km). Sendai is an old city - it was founded in 1600 and its known for its green spaces. As such it is called The City of Trees.On March 11, 2011, however, Japan was struck by a magnitude 9.0 earthquake that was centered in the ocean just 80 miles (130 km) east of Sendai. The earthquake was so powerful that it caused a massive tsunami to hit Sendai and surrounding regions. The tsunami devastated the citys coast and the earthquake caused severe damage in other areas of the city and killed and/or displaced thousands of people in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture and neighboring areas (image). The earthquake was considered to have been one of the five strongest since 1900 and it is believed that the main island of Japan (on which Sendai is located) moved eight feet (2.4 m) due to the earthquake. Geographic Facts About Sendai The following is a list of ten geographic facts to know about Sendai:1) It is believed that the area of Sendai has been inhabited for thousands of years, however, the city was not founded until 1600 when Date Masamune, a powerful landlord and samurai, relocated to the region and formed the city. In December of that year, Masamune ordered that the Sendai Castle be constructed in the citys center. In 1601 he developed grid plans for the construction of the town of Sendai.2) Sendai became an incorporated city on April 1, 1889, with an area of seven square miles (17.5 sq km) and a population of 86,000 people. Sendai quickly grew in population and in 1928 and 1988 it grew in area as a result of seven different annexations of nearby land. On April 1, 1989, Sendai became a designated city. These are Japanese cities with populations of over 500,000. They are designated by the cabinet of Japan and they are given the same responsibilities and jurisdictions as the prefecture level.3) In its ear ly history, Sendai was known as one of Japans greenest cities as it had a large amount of open space as well as a variety of trees and plants. However, during World War II, air raids destroyed many of these lands. As a result of its green history, Sendai has become known as the City of Trees and prior to the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami, its residents were urged to plant trees and other greenery at their homes.4) As of 2008, Sendais population was 1,031,704 and it had a population density of 3,380 people per square mile (1,305 people per sq km). Most of the citys population is clustered in urban areas. 5) Sendai is the capital and largest city of the Miyagi Prefecture and it is divided into five different wards (a subdivision of Japanese designated cities). These wards are Aoba, Izumi, Miyagino, Taihaku, and Wakabayashi. Aoba is the administrative center of Sendai and Miyagi Prefecture and as such, many government offices are located there. 6) Because there are many government offices in Sendai, much of its economy is based on government jobs. In addition, its economy is heavily focused on retail and the service sector. The city is also considered to be the center of the economy in the Tohoku region. 7) Sendai is located on the northern part of Japans main island, Honshu. It has a latitude of 38Ëš1605 N and a longitude of 140Ëš5211 E. It has coastlines along the Pacific Ocean and stretches to the Ou Mountains inland. Because of this, Sendai has a varied topography that consists of relatively flat coastal plains in the east, a hilly center and mountainous areas along its western borders. The highest point in Sendai is Mount Funagata at 4,921 feet (1,500 m). In addition, the Hirose River flows through the city and it is known for its clean waters and natural environment. 8) The area of Sendai is geologically active and most of the mountains on its western borders are dormant volcanoes. There are however a number of active hot springs in the city and large earthquakes are not uncommon off of the citys coast due to its location near the Japan Trench - a subduction zone where the Pacific and North American plates meet. In 2005 a magnitude 7.2 earthquake occurred about 65 miles (105 km) from Sendai and most recently the massive 9.0 earthquake struck 80 miles (130 km) from the city. 9) Sendais climate is considered humid subtropical and it has warm, wet summers and cold, dry winters. Most of Sendais precipitation occurs in the summer but it does get some snow in the winter. Sendais average January low temperature is 28ËšF (-2ËšC) and its average August high temperature is 82ËšF (28ËšC). 10) Sendai is considered a cultural center and it is home to many different festivals. The most famous of these is the Sendai Tanabata, a Japanese star festival. It is the largest such festival in Japan. Sendai is also known as being the origin for several different Japanese food dishes and for its specialty crafts. To learn more about Sendai, visit its page on the Japan National Tourism Organizations website and the citys official website.Sources:Japan National Tourism Organization. (n.d.). Japan National Tourism Organization - Find a Location - Miyagi - Sendai.  https://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/location/regional/miyagi/sendai.htmlWikipedia.com. Sendai - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SendaiWikipedia.org. City Designated by Government Ordinance - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_designated_by_government_ordinance_%28Japan%29

Japanese influence on Van Gogh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Japanese influence on Van Gogh - Essay Example Personally, Van Gogh has never been to Japan, and all of his understandings of Japan come from his studies of woodblock prints. Today, Van Gogh is most well known for his later works during his stay at the Saint Paul-De-Mausole hospital. The works demonstrated his latest development on formal techniques of the vortexes and thick strokes reflecting his mental illness. He was able to learn the principle of Japanese beauty through the lens of landscape genre of ukiyo-e and apply it to the landscapes of Arles. The encounter of Van Gogh's both Impressionist thoughts, and Japanese prints amid his stay in Paris is obvious in works, for example, Fritillaries in a Copper Vase, in which the convoluted states of the descending pushing yellow petals and their spiky foliage are set off by a dark blue foundation flicked with bits of yellow and spots of lighter blue, with underpinnings of red. The picture appears to battle into being, weighted by a devastating heap of color, maybe the coincidental consequence of van Gogh's determination to make the sheer aggregation of paint the transporter of feeling. It's just as he declined to quit taking a shot at a photo, adding more color to it, until he felt that some sort of visual identicalness for feeling had been accomplished. Van Gogh's comprehension of the traditions of Japanese prints is apparent, as seems to be, maybe, his attention to Japanese materials, however these works of art talk the same amount of to his own pleasure in tight center and close e xamination - or to his yearning for the quieting impact of looking steadily at a piece of turf that he portrays in his letter to Wilhelmina - as they do to his enthusiasm for the disentanglements of Japanese models.

Stuttering and the Brain Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Stuttering and the Brain - Term Paper Example Also the auditory cortex remains affected where the action remains low as compared to the cortex of non-stammerers. Moreover, researchers have also drawn connections between the functioning of the brain to produce speech and stammering which indicates the patterns of slow speech and the processes behind the distorted speech. On one hand where processes in certain parts of the brain are slowed down, on the other hand other parts of the brain become hyperactive for instance, the Valsalva Manuever. However, the proposition that stammering results from poor parenting, or causes other problems such as grammar or language tasks is merely a myth. Moreover, career choices for stutterers remain low as compared to those not suffering from this syndrome. For instance, a career as an aircraft pilot isn’t suitable for a stutterer since they won`t be able to handle situations under pressure and the lives of many people would be at stake, as even a minor miscommunication due to stammering wi ll lead towards major chaos. Stuttering or stammering is a condition found in some of the people where they aren’t able to cope up with the normal speech and either the speed is slowed down or in the quest for catching up with the normal speed they miss out on words or distort the pronunciation of various words (Mowrer 1980). This created a barrier in normal communication which, if not treated properly, severs with time and creates other disorders, including lack of confidence and inability to perform in pressure situations. Due to the intensity and complexity of the issue, people from various fields are trying to dig up into the causes behind the problems in order to find convenient and effective solutions. One of the most reliable discovery in this matter however is that the stuttering is found to be affecting men more than it effects women (Williams 2006). Moreover, various experiments have allowed the researchers to come up with a clearer picture regarding

Explain and discuss the golden rule of accumulation and assess the Essay

Explain and discuss the golden rule of accumulation and assess the implications for macroeconomic policy - Essay Example All such factors are considering by policy makers while implementing macroeconomic policies for the country. The savings investment behavior of the economy can be captured through neoclassical economics including the golden rule of accumulation. The golden rule is adopted to move towards optimum consumption. The golden rule determines the desired level of savings since under this level all profits are saved and then reinvested (Baumgartner and Meredith, 1995, p.6). Thus the current paper tends to discuss the golden rule of accumulation and its implications for macroeconomic policies. The production function of a country depicts how the country utilizes the available resources and inputs for producing output. Land, labor, capital and organization are termed as factors of production. We mainly use capital (K) and labor (L) as the two factors. It is given as, Equally important as production is the concept of consumption which is the difference between income and savings. The consumption function depicts the relation between consumption and disposable income (Consumption Function). It is given as, Attainment of steady state means that an economy has gained stability. A country has attained steady state either due to increase or decrease in growth. It occurs when production rates or the country’s investment equals depreciation. Such a phenomenon is shown in the diagram below: B B depreciation (ÃŽ ´k) Here it is seen that under the steady state output labor ratio becomes stagnant as investment becomes equal to depreciation at point A. production function determines the output- labor ratio at point B. Away from A the economy is converging towards steady state. Under the steady state the government requires to choose that level of

Role of Clothing in Communication

Role of Clothing in Communication Clothing is a language, a nonverbal system of communication that through its symbols conveys much about the wearer to the viewer. Before people speak to one another, their clothing makes a statement that expresses their sex, age, class, occupation, origin and personality, as well as what they are or what they want to be at a particular moment. A businessperson is recognized in a well tailored suit. Fashion can suggest or signal status in a social group. Groups with high cultural status like to keep in fashion to display their position; people who do not keep in fashion within a so-called style tribe can risk shunning. Because keeping in fashion often requires considerable amounts of money, fashion can be used to show off wealth (compare conspicuous consumption). Adherence to fashion trends can thus form an index of social affluence and an indicator of social mobility. Humans often wear articles ofÂÂ  clothingÂÂ  (also known asÂÂ  Apparel,ÂÂ  dress,ÂÂ  garmentsÂÂ  orÂÂ  attire) on the body . In its broadest sense, clothing includes coverings for the trunk and limbs as well as coverings for hands (gloves), feet (shoes,ÂÂ  sandals,ÂÂ  boots), and head (hats,caps). Articles carried rather than worn (likeÂÂ  pursesÂÂ  and umbrellas) normally count as accessories rather than as clothing. Humans also decorate their bodies with makeup or cosmetics, perfume,ÂÂ  jewelryÂÂ  and other ornament; cut, dye, and arrange their head and body hair (hairstyle), and sometimes their skin (tattoo, scarifications, piercing). All these decorations contribute to the overall effect and message of clothing, but do not constitute clothing per se. People wear clothing for functional and/or social reasons. Clothing protects the body; it also delivers social messages to other humans. Function includes protection of the body against strong sunlight, extreme heat or cold, and precipitation; protection against insects, noxious chemicals, weapons, contact with abrasive substances in sum, against anything that might injure an unprotected human body. Humans have shown extreme inventiveness in devising clothing solutions to practical problems. See: armor,ÂÂ  diving suit, bee-keepers costume, motorcycle leathers,ÂÂ  high-visibility clothing. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious affiliation, marital status and sexual availability, etc. Humans must know the code in order to recognize the message transmitted. If different groups read the same item of clothing or decoration with different meanings, the wearer may provoke unanticipated responses. Social status: in many societies, people of high rank reserve special items of clothing or decoration for themselves. Only Roman emperors could wear garments dyeed with Tyrian purple; only high-ranking Hawaiian chiefs could wear feather cloaks and palaoa or carved whale teeth. In other societies, no laws prohibit lower-status people wearing high statusÂÂ  garments, but the high cost of status garments effectively limits purchase and display. In current Western society, only the rich can affordÂÂ  haute couture. The threat of social ostracism may also limit garment choice. Occupation: military, police, firefighters usually wearÂÂ  uniforms, as do workers in many industries. School-children often wearÂÂ  school uniforms, college and university students wear academic dress. Members of religious orders may wear uniforms known as habits. Sometimes a single item of clothing or a single accessory can declare ones occupation and/or status for example, the highÂÂ  toqueÂÂ  or chefs hat worn by a chief cook. Ethnic, political, and religious affiliation: In many regions of the world, styles in clothing and ornament declare membership in a certain village, caste, religion, etc. A Scotsman declares his clan with hisÂÂ  tartan; an Orthodox Jew his religion with his (non-clothing) sidelocks; a French peasant woman her village with her cap orÂÂ  coif. Clothes can also proclaim dissent from cultural norms and mainstream beliefs, as well as personal independence. In 19th century Europe, artists and writers livedÂÂ  la vie de Bohe meÂÂ  and dressed to shock: George Sand in mens clothing, female emancipationists in bloomers, male artists in velvet waistcoats and gaudy neckcloths. Bohemians, beatniks, hippies, Goths, and punks continued the ( counter-cultural) tradition in the 20th century West. Now thatÂÂ  haute coutureÂÂ  plagiarises street fashion within a year or so, street fashion may have lost some of its power to shock, but it still motivates millions trying to look hip and cool. People such as inventor Dean Kamen or film director Peter Jackson wear simple functional clothing to distance themselves from the establishment (and possibly to attract additional attention). Marital status: Hindu women, once married, wearÂÂ  sindoor, a red powder, in the parting of their hair; if widowed, they abandonÂÂ  sindoorÂÂ  and jewelry and wear simple white clothing. Men and women of the Western world may wear wedding rings to indicate their marital status. Sexual availability: Some clothing indicates the modesty of the wearer. For example, many Muslim women wear a head or body covering (hijab, bourqa orÂÂ  burka,ÂÂ  chador,ÂÂ  abaya) that proclaims their status as respectable women. Other clothing may indicate flirtatious intent. For example, a Western woman might wear extreme stiletto heels, close-fitting and body-revealing black or red clothing, exaggerated make-up, flashy jewelry and perfume to show sexual availability. What constitutes modesty and allurement varies radically from culture to culture, within different contexts in the same culture, and over time as differentÂÂ  fashionsÂÂ  rise and fall. Moreover, a person may choose to display a mixed message.ÂÂ  For example, a Saudi Arabian woman may wear anÂÂ  abayaÂÂ  to proclaim her respectability, but choose an abaya of luxurious material cut close to the body and then accessorize withÂÂ  high heelsÂÂ  and a fashionable purse. Al l the details proclaim sexual desirability, despite the ostensible message of respectability. Similarly, a Japanese schoolgirl may wear the required school uniform in a way (skirts waistband rolled to shorten the skirt, long sleeves rolled up) that says sexy schoolgirl rather than good girl.

Carnieros Theory :: essays research papers

The land of Mesoamerica changes through time and conflict. Carneiro’s theory defines a state as “an autonomous political unit, encompassing many communities within its territory and having a centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, and decree and enforce laws.'; Carneiro’s model of Mesoamerica shows the growth of two states, Uruk and Susa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Caneiro’s theory, the two states follow his philosophy by the book. A slow rise in population also increases the growth of control. Thus more people in one area, the greater power they posses over others. However, superiority arouses the problems of war. When a state is on top, someone is always out there looking to surpass them. Conflict rises due to this discrepancy of a high and mighty population. A slight decrease from 4 to 3 in control leaves many possible reasons open. One possibility could be a rebellious or fleeing group, causing the state to become smaller. Fortunately, a successful state possesses resilience and is able to bounce back. Many social factors are necessary to cause state origins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Environmental Circumscription is a major factor in the creation and existence of states. Environmental Circumscription is obtaining the good, scarce land from the surrounding dry land and being able to maintain and keep it from surrounding states. Social Circumscription can also be a deciding factor on the length of existence of each state. It is the relative closeness of a group of people, that results in everyday confrontations and increases chances of fighting. The last factor is Resource Concentration. This is one of the most prominent reasons behind war. When a certain area or state has certain resources that others do not, conflict arises. Trading may occur for a period of time, but when then the other states lack trading materials, war can break out. The increase in population and high political control can be factors in archaeologically identifying a state. It takes time to reach a maximum level of control, and certain estimates of age can be made. When an area reaches the 4-5 range of political control, it is considered a state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carneiro’s model can be seen in this example as true. Carnieros Theory :: essays research papers The land of Mesoamerica changes through time and conflict. Carneiro’s theory defines a state as “an autonomous political unit, encompassing many communities within its territory and having a centralized government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, and decree and enforce laws.'; Carneiro’s model of Mesoamerica shows the growth of two states, Uruk and Susa.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Caneiro’s theory, the two states follow his philosophy by the book. A slow rise in population also increases the growth of control. Thus more people in one area, the greater power they posses over others. However, superiority arouses the problems of war. When a state is on top, someone is always out there looking to surpass them. Conflict rises due to this discrepancy of a high and mighty population. A slight decrease from 4 to 3 in control leaves many possible reasons open. One possibility could be a rebellious or fleeing group, causing the state to become smaller. Fortunately, a successful state possesses resilience and is able to bounce back. Many social factors are necessary to cause state origins.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Environmental Circumscription is a major factor in the creation and existence of states. Environmental Circumscription is obtaining the good, scarce land from the surrounding dry land and being able to maintain and keep it from surrounding states. Social Circumscription can also be a deciding factor on the length of existence of each state. It is the relative closeness of a group of people, that results in everyday confrontations and increases chances of fighting. The last factor is Resource Concentration. This is one of the most prominent reasons behind war. When a certain area or state has certain resources that others do not, conflict arises. Trading may occur for a period of time, but when then the other states lack trading materials, war can break out. The increase in population and high political control can be factors in archaeologically identifying a state. It takes time to reach a maximum level of control, and certain estimates of age can be made. When an area reaches the 4-5 range of political control, it is considered a state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carneiro’s model can be seen in this example as true.

In the name of the father Essay

Often a film conveys a message about a character through various film techniques. This is true in the film â€Å"In The Name of the Father†. This story is mainly about a young man who is arrested for a crime he did not commit and how a relationship between father and son deepens throughout the tragedy. The main character, Gerry Conlon, is first portrayed to the viewer as an unruly rebel but is later developed into a more docile and compliant character. The director, Jim Sheridon, uses film techniques such as costume design, dialogue and extended metaphors to convey the development of Gerry as a character. 1st paragraph: -1st time we see gerry, scruffy, uncut -costume design – baggy jeans, long hair, dirty appearance -gives idea that gerry doesn’t care about his appearance or what people think of him -as film progresses he sharpens up appearance -combed pulled back hair 2nd: -change also shown through dialogue -lawyer asks him if he is scared of the court: -he replies â€Å"i just don’t want to be humiliated again† -this brief piece of dialogue shows that he has now changed and does care what others think of him -helps viewer understand how desperate an innocent man can be in the fight for justice 3rd: -use of extended metaphor -viewer sees lawyer gareth pierce driving through a long tunnel while listening to gerrys story -this could be viewed as an extended metaphor for the long dark road gerry has gone down while fighting the legal system -as the story draws to a conclusion she reaches the end of the tunnel, or the ‘light at the end of the tunnel’ -could refer to the point in the story where gerry and the others are finally set free

Comparison of How Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in the Outsider Have Used Moral Issues to Develop Their Works Essay Example

Comparison of How Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in the Outsider Have Used Moral Issues to Develop Their Works Essay Example Comparison of How Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in the Outsider Have Used Moral Issues to Develop Their Works Essay Comparison of How Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in the Outsider Have Used Moral Issues to Develop Their Works Essay Essay Topic: In Cold Blood Comparison of how Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in The Outsider have used moral issues to develop their works It is debatable whether morality is a code of conduct that is considered right by society or whether it is a code unilaterally decided upon by an individual. When we consider morality as a tool used by both Shusaku Endo in Wonderful Fool and Albert Camus in The Outsider, this debate holds immense relevance. Wonderful Fool, heavily influenced by Christian doctrine, addresses the degeneration of Japanese society and the way moral issues are presented in the novel reflects this. In Wonderful Fool Shusaku Endo looks upon morality as the value system defined by the Bible, where Jesus Christ is regarded as the epitome of true goodness. In his portrayal of the main character he draws upon examples from Christ’s life to recreate a character whose morality is nearly flawless. The Outsider as a philosophical social commentary uses moral issues to demonstrate the absurdity of existence. Camus chooses to present morality as the code of conduct that an individual chooses to uphold regardless of the views of society or religion. He creates a character that lives according to his own â€Å"morality†. Although supposed by most readers to be amoral, this character, Meursault appears to be true to his personal convictions of objectivism. Meursault’s commitment to objectivity makes him moral in my opinion. Coined post-Camus, moral objectivism in this context refers to objectivity being used to guide one’s actions as opposed to subjective emotions or traditions. Both writers utilize characterization to present moral issues concerning honesty, consistency and non-conformity in a manner that supports their respective viewpoints. In both texts characterization is frequently used as a vehicle through which morality is presented. In Shusaku Endo’s novel Gaston is presented as a clumsy ‘horse-like’ (Endo 43) Frenchman who is incongruous with the modern slick Japanese city of Tokyo. This ‘fool’ who descended from greatness (Napoleon) is very much like Jesus who is also an unwelcome descendant of a ruler (King David). Gaston, like Jesus, is not physically attractive . Both were rejected by people in society, especially the fashionable, rich or powerful. Jesus was rejected at Nazareth his hometown. People scoffed, â€Å"He’s just a carpenter, the son of Mary† (Mark 6:3), whilst Gaston is constantly referred to as the â€Å"foreigner,† never integrating into Tokyo. His rejection is best characterised by Tomoe. â€Å"’hope you are satisfied†¦bringing that fool into our home,’ she said with deep resentment† (Endo 51). She did not welcome his presence in her house. Gaston makes companions of the lowliest members of society: prostitutes, murderers, and stray dogs. In this way he resembles Christ who befriended the outcasts of his society, such as lepers and prostitutes. He demonstrates selflessness and patience as he attempts to befriend a thug that was beating him up. â€Å"No matter what trick†¦he was of such a temperament that he could not hate his persecutors† (Endo 83). This demonstrates a parallel with Christ who forgave those who taunted him on the cross. His self-sacrificing, unconditional ‘childlike faith’ (Psalm 116:6) in the goodness of people bears a strong resemblance to Jesus and this presents him to the reader as being morally good. Shusaku Endo uses Gaston’s character as a foil, against which he shows the individualistic nature of Japanese society. Endo conveys his disapproval of this societal trait by painting a positive picture of Gaston’s selflessness against the gloom of Japanese hedonism. Gaston is seen by the reader as being altruistic and therefore the reader is led to feel that Japan is self-seeking because of the harsh contrast between his magnanimity and the city’s self-absorbed nature. This contrast is created through other character’s response to Gaston as well as the scenes in which Gaston’s tale is told. The other characters in the novel respond to Gaston’s actions with disdain. For instance, when â€Å"Gaston took food from his own plate and threw it to the dog†¦Tomoe and Matchan looked away in disgust† (Endo 51). His simple act of kindness disgusted them. This contrast between the ideal (embodied by Gaston) and reality (of the character Japanese society) demonstrates Shusaku Endo’s disapproval of the judgemental society that Japan had become. Contrast is further evident in the following examples: the scene at â€Å"Hilltop Hotel† (a brothel), the incident at Sanya where â€Å"even the police†¦close their eyes to prostitution† and â€Å"extortion, theft and other such crimes flourish† (Endo 115). By playing out Gaston’s story in these places, which are hedonistic, dark and cruel, Gaston’s kindness and compassion is even more apparent as he unwittingly helps the prostitute in need. The writer places Gaston in the company of a murderer, Endo, â€Å"who was able to kill a man in cold blood† (Endo 118). Endo (the character) embodies the Japanese in a way that suggests they are self-serving as he acts without regard for Gaston trying to satisfy his own needs. Despite Endo’s aggression Gaston’s response to Endo is one of concern for him as opposed to worry for himself. This relationship further emphasises the idea of the Japanese being too egotistical by contrasting Endo’s selfishness with Gaston’s unselfishness. Albert Camus has a similar approach in his choice of characteristics for his principle character. Meursault, as the title implies, is an outsider and apathetically goes about life. Meursault appears not to concern himself with the conventions of his society. When his mother died Meursault’s response was one of indifference as he concerned himself more with the date and logistics than acknowledging the gravity of her death. â€Å"Mother died today. Or maybe yesterday†¦I’ll come back tomorrow† (Camus 9). However he is not completely indifferent; truth is of great importance to him. Like Gaston he never wavers from his belief system, upholding objectivity without compromise. He is honest and true as a result. By the end of the text when Meursault is offered an alternative to execution in exchange for his faith in God he refuses. †Ã¢â‚¬ ¦with God’s help he would do something for me† (Camus 67) †¦ [he asked] me if I believed in God. I said no† (Camus 68). He sees no need for a lawyer, â€Å"I could answer for myself† (Camus 66). His unwillingness to compromise or immersion in his ‘simple’ belief system turns Meursault almost into a martyr, dying for his belief. Meursault’s commitment to honesty to himself overrides the instinctive response of self-preservation. He is a non-conformist and does not understand society. This emphasizes how this judgmental society imposes its own belief system on individuals, requiring assimilation. Meursault, like Gaston, is consistent in his conduct, not lying once in the text, making him moral in his own mind. Similar to Shusaku Endo, Camus uses the contrast of the ideal characterised by Meursault to highlight a fault in the society he presents. Meursault’s objectivity demonstrates, through juxtaposition, the absurdity of our society. He comments on how murder is murder, thus it makes no difference if a man is shot once or four times, or if a man is killed by a stranger or his own son. During the trial his lawyer asks, â€Å"Is he being accused of burying his mother or of killing a man? † (Camus 93). This question showing how the court or society was judging him based on â€Å"exposing the dark workings of this criminal soul† (Camus 96), as opposed to the arbitrary shooting. The murder was not malicious. He only killed the man as a response to â€Å"a red hot blade gnawing at [his] eyelashes† (Camus 60). Although Meursault speaks the truth he is judged by a system which does not recognise his moral code. This system views murder as immoral regardless of the intention, whilst Meursault sees no shame in his action as it wasn’t borne from malice. In effect he is convicted for not conforming. In the Afterword Camus says â€Å"the hero of the book is condemned because he doesn’t play the game† (Camus 118). Meursault pulled the trigger out of tension from the heat and was not out of revenge or hatred towards the Arab. If morality is an individual’s set code of conduct, independent of society, a society’s morals could then be called ‘ethics’. Camus creates a character that is moral as he is true to his own beliefs, whilst at the same time the character is unethical. It was the skill involved in playing a character’s private beliefs against those of a society that made me enjoy these texts. In each text, a character’s personality conflicts with a society’s personality and to me this was a most effective way of exploring the society’s flaws. Both writers utilize characterization to present moral issues concerning honesty, consistency and non-conformity in a manner that supports their respective viewpoints. As these characters show the ideal, society is painted as being imperfect. Through characterisation both writers present the flawed world and a consistent character to the reader. The reader then chooses which is right and which is wrong based on the biased information given by the writer. This then means the reader identifies the society as flawed and the writer has fulfilled his purpose and conveyed his message. Word Count: 1,497 words Bibliography Camus, Albert. The Outsider. English Translation: Joseph Laredo. Penguin Books Ltd, London; 1983. Endo, Shusaku. Wonderful Fool. English Translation: Francis Mathy. Peter Owen Publishers, London; 2002.

Flood Types and Classifications in U.S

Flood Types and Classifications in U.S Floods that occur in the United States and abroad can be classified in multiple ways. Theres no steadfast rule for categorizing  flooding along a floodplain or after a tropical cyclone. Instead, broad types of flood labels are applied to any type of water inundation that results in damages. Flooding is one of the most dangerous types of all natural disasters. Flash Floods Floods can be most broadly classified as either river floods or flash floods. The main difference is in the onset of the flooding. With flash floods, there is often little warning that flooding will occur. With river flooding, communities can prepare as a river nears its flood stage.   Flash floods are usually the most lethal. Heavy downpours, often in mountainous highlands, can lead to surges of water that turn dry river beds or flood plains into raging torrents  within minutes. Local communities usually have little time to flee to higher land, and homes and other property in the waters path can be totally destroyed. Vehicles crossing roadways that are dry or barely wet in one moment can be swept away in the next. When roads and railways are made impassable, delivery of aid can become much more difficult. Slow Onset Floods   Slow onset floods, such as those that hit Bangladesh almost every year, can also be lethal but they tend to give people much more time to move to higher ground. These floods are a result of surface water runoff. Flash floods can also be the result of surface water runoff, but the terrain is a larger factor in the severity of the flood. They often occur when the ground is already saturated and simply cannot absorb any more water. When deaths occur during slow onset floods, they are much more likely to come about due to disease, malnutrition or snakebites. Floods in China displaced tens of thousands of snakes into neighboring areas in 2007, increasing the risk of attacks. Slower floods are also less likely to sweep away property, although it may still be damaged or destroyed. Areas are likely to remain under water for months at a time. Storms, tropical cyclones, and other maritime extreme weather can also produce deadly storm surges, as happened in New Orleans in 2005 after Hurricane Katrina, Cyclone Sidr in November 2007, and Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar in May 2008. These are most prevalent and dangerous along the coasts and near large bodies of water. Detailed Flood Types There are numerous other ways to classify floods. Many types of floods are a result of the location of the rising waters or other environmental factors. FEMA has a broad classification of flood types as follows: Riverine floodsUrban floodsGround failures, such as dam breaksFluctuating lake levelsCoastal flooding and erosion In addition, flooding can result from ice jams, mine accidents, and tsunamis. Remember that there are no steadfast rules for determining exactly what type of flood may be associated with any given area. Getting flood insurance and following the guidelines for flood safety are critical to keeping yourself, your family, and your property safe during a flood event.

Operetion management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Operetion management - Assignment Example This is especially true in the case highly fashion conscious and seasonal business of selling fashion wear merchandise. In this context the 'Quick Response' supply chain project of Jossey Menswear - a fashion retailer with more than 200 retail outlets is analysed to evaluate and critically comment on the scope of success of their project I improving the supply chain management. "More than ever before speed has become a source of competitive advantage. Competing on speed requires an organization characterized by fast moves, fast adaptations and tight linkages. .. Forming alliances is one of the most effective avenues for competing speed. The best example is the textile industry's quick response initiative, designed to improve the flow of information, standardize recording systems, and reduce turnaround time along the entire supply chain from fiber to textiles to apparel to retailing." - Roberta S. Russell, Bernard W. Taylor Operation Management: Edition IV (2003). pp 37. Seasonality - This is the main factor which necessitates the speed in the supply chain. Basically the fashion industry works on two seasons, Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter, where supply decisions are conceived at least 18 months prior to the time the merchandise is supposed to be on the racks of the retail outlet. The various processes starting from the selection of design, selection of color trends and fabric trends for the next season are time consuming and in order that the garments reach the stores before the end of the season, there should exist an effective supply chain. Products are made according to a predetermined standard sizes and there is no time to revise the outfits once manufactured. This critical aspect in the supply chain movement sometimes delays the whole process of manufacturing resulting in the rejection of some garment lots being out of size specifications. Here again a team effort working in conformity to evolved standards will make the things move faster. Pricing-the determinant factor on the success or otherwise of a business venture is at the centre of all managerial decisions. This is particularly true in the case of the fashion retail business as any garments not reaching within the saleable window will naturally have to be sold at the end of the season at heavily discounted prices. Full price sales can be effected only when the merchandise reaches the stores and is available to the customer when they visit the store only once or twice in a year, which is a peculiarity attached to the fashion retail industry. The sale at full price is also determined by various other factors. 'Designers' collection' forms the foundation for the full price sales. Since designers work at a considerably advanced period before the actual sales takes place, they have to make intelligent guess work about the customer preferences in terms of deign, color and fabric which may sell well in a season. If the decisions on the collection designs are made right then the entire season may witness good full price sales. Getting the styles into the right retail

Pupils delight in the wealth of opportunities for understanding more Essay

Pupils delight in the wealth of opportunities for understanding more about the world - Essay Example Geography is a subject that investigates the shared interactions amongst human beings and the environment. Therefore, it is correct to say that environmental issues are the subject matter of geography. As a subject, geography looks into the ways in which the natural environment is used in terms of human actions towards the biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere. Such actions impact the issues relative to the environment, such as vegetation coverage, land usage, water resources and renewable sources of energy. This paper will examine the significance of history and geography for students in relation to an event such as The London Evacuations during World War II. The most significant learning from the London evacuations that became unavoidable during World War II pertains to improving people’s judgment, which is why many scholars and leaders have held that schooling in the modern world should be primarily historical (Streatfield, 2000). Commenting on the education pr ocess in the newly set up democracy in the US, President Jefferson had correctly remarked that â€Å""the people are the ultimate guardians of their own liberty. History by apprising them of the past will enable them to judge of the future. It will avail them of the experience of other times and other nations; it will qualify them as judges of the actions and designs of men" (Jefferson, 1998, p.121). History does not provide answers to questions that come to our mind but assists us in getting to know how we can make better decisions in the future. After getting to know of the London evacuations during World War II, students realize the hardships faced by people and the blunders that were made in terms of causing immense suffering to millions of people. Such events particularly enlighten students and make them to think as to why they occurred and whether they could be avoided (Krug, 1967). In understanding the shortcomings of becoming party to such destructive happenings, the coming generations will have a clear viewpoint of the sufferings and will never repeat the same mistakes again. In studying the events that led to the Second World War, students are forced to think after growing up that the historical events that led to loss of life and to hardship for majority of the people should not occur again. In this context, enough evidence exists to indicate that there is a common agreement about the working of cognitive psychology. People capable of thinking independently believe that history supports common cultural understandings and dialogue. The London Evacuations during World War II create a need for identity that is vastly related with ideas of mutual cultural understandings. It is also recognized by many that issues of identity are the main concern in psychological studies and it has been found that losing identity leads to loss of the sense and of importance, which is exactly what The London Evacuations during World War II led to. History or memory of the past is of great importance in the creation of individual identity (Mink, 1969). Geography too is equally important in making meaningful contribution towards understanding human experiences relative to the natural environment. A major strength of geography is that it relates to both physical and social sciences. The subject promotes values, skills and cognitive procedures and assists students in

Ratio and Financial Statement Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Ratio and Financial Statement Analysis - Essay Example Concepts that have been used include annuity which is a series of constant cash flows that occurs at the end of each period called a term, perpetuity which is a financial asset that does not have a maturity period but keep making payments indefinitely, compounding which is finding the future value of one or more cash flows, discounting which is determining the present value of one or more future cash flows. Financial decisions are made based on future value or present value. Future value is what one or more cash flows are worth at the end of the period while the present value measures the worth of one or more cash flows to be received in the future are worth today. The effective annual interest rate which is the annual growth rate that takes into account compounding. These concepts are fully covered in the paper while handing the questions. Financial management ratios are an area of expertise that every manager in any financial position should get acquainted with. They are useful in helping him to make sound financial decisions on the source of funds, the investment option to undertake and the financial prudence needed in the running of a business entity. What the time value of money is and why it is so important in the field of finance: The question that comes to mind is what the value of a future cash flow is today. The time value of money is the value of the stream of future cash flows today. Money has a time value since a dollar held today is worth more than a dollar to be received in the future. If you had the money today, you would have probably invested it and earned interest thus time value of money is the opportunity cost of foregoing todays consumption. Time value of money is important in the field of fiancà © because before investment decisions are made there is required that a comparison be made between the value funds invested today and the value of expected future cash inflows. The

Aunt Jennifers Tiger Essay Example for Free

Aunt Jennifers Tiger Essay Aunt Jennifer’s tigers is a poem by Adrienne Rich illustrating her feminist concerns. In the male dominant world, a women of her time was only supposed to be a dutiful homemaker. This poem through the world of Aunty Jennifer, tells us about her inner desire to free herself from the clutches of abusive marriage and patriarchal society. Poem Summary The first stanza opens with Aunt Jennifer’s visual tapestry of tigers who are fearless of their environment. Bright topaz[1] denizens[2] of a world of green – evoke an image that these regal tigers are unafraid of other beings in the jungle. Bright here signifies their powerful and radiant persona. There is a sense of certainty and confidence in the way these tigers move as can be seen in the line – They pace in sleek chivalric[3] certainty. In the second stanza, the reality of Aunt Jennifer is revealed as she is feeble, weak and enslaved, very much the opposite of the tigers she was knitting. Her physical and mental trauma is depicted in the line – find even the ivory needle hard to pull. Even though a wedding ring doesn’t weigh much, the massive weight of uncle’s wedding band, sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifer’s hand signifies the amount of dominance her husband exercised over her. This also means that her inner free spirit has been jailed by the patriarchal society[4]. The last stanza starts on a creepy note about Aunt Jennifer’s death. Even her death couldn’t free her from the ordeals she went through which can be seen in When Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by. While driving from her parent’s home to Cochin, she notices her mother sitting beside her dozing, her face pale like a dead body and her thoughts far away. This reminds her painfully that her mother is old and could pass away leaving her alone. Putting that thought aside she looked out at the young trees speeding by and children running out of their homes happily to play. These remind her probably of youth and life, her own younger days and her mother when she was young. But after the security check at the airport, looking back at her mother standing a few yards away, she finds her looking pale like the winter moon. She feels that familiar pain and childhood fear of the thought of losing her mother and of being lonely just as she had been when she was young because she was different from other children. She could only keep smiling and tell her ‘see you soon’ knowing full well that she might not see her.

Maxillary Central Incisor Tooth Form, Facial Form and Gender

Maxillary Central Incisor Tooth Form, Facial Form and Gender Title: Correlation of the maxillary central incisor tooth form with face form and gender in a section of the North Indian population – An AutoCAD analysis ABSTRACT Aim: An esthetically pleasing restoration or prosthesis should not be identifiable as artificial, but should be in harmony with the natural tooth arrangement of an individual. This study aimed to determine whether a correlation exists between the maxillary central incisor tooth form and the facial form and gender of subjects in a selected sample of the North Indian population. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implants, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad. Two standardized photographs each (portrait [closed lips] and teeth in occlusion [with cheek retractor]) of 200 subjects of North Indian origin (age range 18-25 years) studying at Manav Rachna International University were assessed for facial form and tooth form, using the AutoCAD © (Autodesk Inc. 2013, California, USA) software. Results and Conclusion: A statistically significant correlation of the maxillary central incisor tooth form with the inverted face form of the subject was found in a section of the North Indian population. However, the correlation between the maxillary central incisor tooth form and gender of an individual was found to be statistically insignificant. Keywords: Maxillary central incisor, tooth form, face form, gender, AutoCAD Introduction Esthetic dentistry is fast becoming a key consideration for dentists and their patients. Although, a smile is characterized by numerous factors involving both the teeth and surrounding soft tissues, the esthetic appearance of the anterior teeth contributes to a persons self confidence and how attractive he/she is perceived by others.1 For an esthetically pleasing smile, the position, form and colour of the maxillary central incisors are the most essential factors.2 Since the maxillary central incisors play a key role in the dental composition, various anthropometric and biometric references are used in their design and selection in esthetic accordance with the facial form of the patient.3 When only parts of the dentition have to be restored, the remaining natural dentition can serve as a guide, providing a relatively simple and direct procedure to design artificial teeth that blend with or complement the natural dentition. However, in cases where all the teeth are missing and the entire dentition has to be restored, and no information can be gained from the remaining natural teeth, old photographs, or cast models, other methods have to be applied to select and design the missing teeth.1 These methods are not only useful for complete dentures but also for any complex anterior restoration.2 Esthetic dentistry tries to produce a prosthesis that defies detection. This is possible only when, the tooth form, shade and tooth size of the patient are in optimum harmony with their facial form, dimensions and facial complexion. In 1914, Williams 4 was the first to suggest that a correlation existed between the upside down facial shape and the shape of the upper central incisors. Form shape came to be guided by comparison with the inverted shape of the face. According to this classification, the dental outlines of the upper incisors were in three shapes: tapered, ovoid and square, which is still considered by prosthodontists.5 In 1955, Frush and Fisher6 introduced the concept of dentogenics or the dentogenic theory which stated that the correct tooth form should be designed or selected with regard to the patients sex/gender, personality and age (SPA factor). The prosthodontics literature pertains primarily to the non-Indian population and there is a lack of information on the selection and design of artificial anterior tooth forms in the Indian population. The knowledge of racial norms for facial appearance might aid practitioners, since the treatment given would be in harmony with the facial appearance for patients of different races. Most studies,7, 8, 9 on the subject of artificial teeth design and selection, with respect to facial form and gender, have been based on subjective evaluation and assessments of different individuals; with lack of standardized methods and techniques and unavailability of technological resources. Hence, their reliability has been questionable. This study attempts to increase the accuracy of the methodology by employing a software known as AutoCAD © (Autodesk Inc. 2013, California USA) Auto Computer Aided Design and Drafting. AutoCAD is a 2-D and 3-D, vector based, computer-aided drafting software application used in architecture, construction and manufacturing to assist in the preparation of blueprints and other engineering plans. 10 This high end technology has been applied to make the process of evaluating the maxillary central incisor tooth form, easier, objective and more accurate. The present study aims to assess whether a correlation exists between the maxillary central incisor tooth form and face form of the subject and also to assess if any gender differences could be seen in relation to the form of the maxillary central incisor. The null hypothesis of this study is that there are no gender specific differences in tooth form as well as no correlation between facial form and tooth form of a person. Materials and Methods A total of 200 dentulous subjects of North Indian origin (age range 18-25 years) studying at Manav Rachna International University, with well aligned natural maxillary anterior teeth were randomly selected. The subjects being young adults belonging to different parts of North India formed an appropriate representative sample. Each subject was interviewed, to confirm the inclusion criteria and to rule out the exclusion criteria. The exclusion criteria were: subjects with anterior teeth fractures, subjects having maxillary anterior teeth with extensive carious lesions, subjects with incisal wear of maxillary anterior teeth, subjects with gingival hyperplasia in the maxillary anterior teeth, subjects who have undergone orthognathic surgery, orthodontic treatment, and those with congenital or surgical facial defects, those with microdontia or macrodontia and subjects with any type of prosthetic restoration on their anterior teeth. A participant informed consent form (PICF) was provided in both english and hindi languages. The informed consent form was explained to each participant and was signed by them before starting the procedure. A standardized photographic procedure was used to obtain images of the face and the maxillary central incisors. Each subject was made to sit upright on a chair with the occlusal plane of the maxillary teeth parallel to the floor. Two standardized photographs were taken for each subject: portrait (closed lips) and the maxillary incisors (without lips). For each photograph, standardized distances (portrait – 100cms, teeth- 12cms) were used (from the tip of the subject’s nose to the centre of the camera lens). A fixed focus of 1:1 was used for each subject, with theEF 100 mmf/2.8 Macro USM lens. The height of the Canon EOS 1100D DSLR camera mounted on a tripod (Traveller Mini Pro Tripod For Canon EOS 1100D) was adjusted individually according to the position of the subject’s face and teeth. A full face photograph with closed lips was obtained, with lens positioned parallel to subject face. The subject’s hair did not cover any part of the face and the teeth we re in contact [Figure 1]. The standardized photographic procedure was followed as per the earlier method followed by Wolfart S et al.2 Intraoral photographs of maxillary central incisors were obtained until the lens was parallel to the labial surface of the teeth. Cheek retractors were used to obtain full exposure of the maxillary central incisors. The maxillary incisors were centred in the photograph, with the midline centred and perpendicular to the incisal plane [Figure 2]. Using the image editing software (Adobe Photoshop 8.0.1, Adobe systems, San Jose, California), the images were adjusted so that the maxillary incisors remain centred in the image, one at a time, with the long axis set vertically. [Figure 3]. The mathematical assessment of the photographs was done according to the methodology proposed by Wolfart et al 2. The outline of the upper right incisor was traced and in the next step, the median of the tooth was drawn in the sketch. (X) was the most apical point of intersection between the median and the outline. Mesial and distal tangents were constructed to the outline – parallel to the median. Two perpendiculars were drawn on the median starting from the most apical (O1) and most incisal (O2) point of intersection between the outline and the tangent. They define two points of intersection (S1 and S2). The line S1S2 was bisected (S). By taking the width of the tooth through (S) the widest stretch across the tooth was defined (TB). Dividing the line SX into five parts, the line TA could be constructed parallel to TB on 4/5 of the length of XS. The outline sketch was turned upside down for the evaluation of the face shape. The lines FB (the widest stretch across the face) and FA (a defined parallel stretch to line FB) were constructed in an analogous manner to the lines TA and TB. [Figu re 4]. For the evaluation of the face shape, the outline sketch of the portraits was turned upside down. The facial outline form was determined by the outline of the temporal bone at the height of the hairline, temporal process of the zygomatic arch and the gonion. The facial quotient (FQ) was calculated in an analogous manner to that of the tooth quotient (TQ) [Figure 5]. According to the numerical values that were obtained, dental and facial forms were classified as: [2] Tapered (≠¤ 0.61) Oval (≠¥0.61 and ≠¤ 0.70) Square (≠¥ 0.70) The data, for each subject were recorded in a standardized proforma, along with the photographs of the subject before and after analysis. Results The data obtained were arranged systematically and transferred to Statisticals Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20, IBM Inc. for analysis. The following statistical methods were employed: descriptive statistical tests, chi square tests, independent t-tests and Spearman correlation. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value ≠¤ 0.05. Chi-square test was used for comparison between categorical variables. Student’s ‘t’ test was used for comparing two groups with respect to continuous and normally distributed variables. Discussion The design and selection of maxillary anterior teeth for esthetically pleasing prosthetic rehabilitation has long posed a challenge in clinical practice. A reliable and reproducible method is required for prosthetically restoring anterior teeth in terms of their size and form, which are in proportion to the face and gender of the patient. Our first objective was to determine the maxillary incisor tooth form of each subject using the AutoCAD software. The study was then classified into three forms ovoid, square and tapering. The oval category was the most prevalent tooth form among the study population while the square tooth form was the least prevalent. These findings were in accordance with the study by Brunetto et al 11 on a Brazilian population. However, in a study conducted by Wolfart et al 2 on a German population, although the oval category of tooth form was most prevalent, the least prevalent tooth form seen was the tapered form. These differences may be due to ethnic and genetic population variability and greater software accuracy, adopted in the present study. Our second objective of the study was to determine whether a correlation existed between the maxillary central incisor tooth form and the face form. Since this finding is statistically significant in the present study sample, therefore, the null hypothesis of the study, was rejected. This was in accordance with the results of studies by Selg 12 and Sellen et al 3 which postulated that the face form of a patient was helpful in selecting the artificial tooth form for their prosthesis. Our results also confirmed William’s â€Å"law of harmony† which states that a correlation exists between the inverted facial shape and the shape of the maxillary central incisors.4 Some studies 5 and literature reviews 3,13 confirm that even despite controversies surrounding the authenticity of William’s law of harmony, it is still the simplest, the most useful and the most predictable method of artificial tooth selection for anterior teeth. On the other hand, the validity of William ’s classification has been questioned by various authors. 14,2,15,16,8,17,18 The positive correlation seen between tooth form and face form in this study as compared to statistically insignificant results obtained in various previous studies 2 can be attributed to the use of a more practical, technically advanced and precise AutoCAD © (Autodesk Inc. 2013, California USA) software which enhanced the accuracy and reliability of the analysis. Previous studies were mostly based on visual and subjective determination of the tooth and face forms and hence did not provide valid results. The genetic variability of different populations, on which past studies have been conducted, may also have some influence on the final results. Our third objective was to determine whether a correlation existed between the tooth size and the gender of a person. This correlation was found to be statistically significant. The size of the maxillary central incisor in men was found to be larger than that of women. This is in accordance with studies which concluded that tooth size is known to correlate with gender.1,19,20,21 Our fourth objective was to determine whether there was a correlation between the tooth form and the gender of the person. This correlation was found to be statistically insignificant. This result was in agreement with that of Wolfart et al 2 and Berksun et al 16 who noted no significant differences in tooth form between the genders. However, Horvath et al 1 and Brunetto et al 11, reported that maxillary anterior teeth do have gender specific differences and that tooth shapes are gender specific. In our study, the oval tooth form was found to be the most prevalent in both the genders. This was similar to the results obtained by Brodbelt et al 22 and Wolfart et al 2. Hence, choosing the oval form has a better chance of matching the original tooth, irrespective of the gender. A higher percentage of the square tooth form was seen in women as compared to men. This result was also similar to that of Wolfart et al 4 and Brunetto et al. 11 This finding suggests that opting for a square toot h form for a male patient is statistically more likely to result in a mismatch. Hence, the dentogenic concept that suggests that the female teeth should be more rounded and the male teeth should be more squarish is not supported by the results of this study. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, it was found that in a section of the North Indian population that: The oval tooth shape was most common while the square tooth shape was least common. The tooth size was generally found to be larger in males than in females. A significant correlation could be found between the face form and tooth form of a person, thus validating William’s law of harmony.2 No correlation or gender- specific differences could be found between the tooth shape and gender of a person. Hence, the dentogenic (SPA) concept was which states that tooth form is related to the SPA of the patient is not validated and supported by this study. 1

Macbeth Essay :: essays research papers

Ever since the beginning of time humans have set out goals for themselves; goals for power, wisdom and riches. Many times throughout history, these common goals have bee corrupted by people. Other times it has been for the greater good. People like Adolf Hitler became corrupt because of the goals he set out. On the other hand the goal of someone like Mother Theresa has helped all of mankind. In the case of Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Macbeth† the goal and desire for power corrupts the two main characters. However, to Macbeth’s credit, it takes a lot more deceiving to convert Macbeth to evil than it does Lady Macbeth. Macbeth seems to still have a conscience and has to debate evil deeds and ignore his natural good in order to do something bad. Lady Macbeth on the other hand ignores nothing and ask evil spirits to come into her to achieve her goals. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are two very different minds, striving for the same goals, they both throw of their consciences to fulfill their evil motives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Act one, Scene 3 the story line is laid down. The witches speak the prophesies to Macbeth in this Scene. After two of the prophecies come true Macbeth thinks the third prophecy must also come true and that the king will be murdered. He is mortified at the thought of the deed and is truly frightened and disgusted by the mental image. Later he conveys this information to Lady Macbeth in Scene 5 and she responds with jubilee. Macbeth says â€Å"If good why do I yield to the suggestion† which shows that he knows he could not do such a horrible act. But Lady Macbeth sees his approach to the third prophecy and launches a counter in scene five line twenty four where she says â€Å"Hurry Home, so I may pour my sprits in your ear.† This portrays the truly corrupt sprit that has been fueled by her goal to be Queen. While Macbeth is trying as hard as his mind will let him to dismiss the evil images from his mind he realizes that the irony of the prophecies i s to much to ignore. Back home Lady Macbeth is polar opposite to Macbeth’s feelings. Instead of being mortified at the idea she meditates on how it might be done and relishes in the idea. Both show a very different reaction to this horrible act.